米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

关键词： 行万里路 读万卷书 演讲 奥巴马

米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照（精选6篇）

篇1：米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

米歇尔·奥巴马北京大学演讲文稿

3月22日上午，美国第一夫人米歇尔造访北京大学，并接受北大校长赠书。之后，米歇尔在北大斯坦福中心以“读万卷书不如行万里路”为主题的演讲。在米歇尔的演讲中，“留学”成为关键词。她化用中国古语“读万卷书，不如行万里路”，并结合自身经历现身说法，希望让更多青年人拥有留学的机会。以下为米歇尔演讲的双语全文： MRS.OBAMA:(Applause.)Thank you.Well, ni-hao.(Laughter.)It is such a pleasure and an honor to be here with all of you at this great university, so thank you so much for having me.谢谢。你好。很高兴也很荣幸来到这里，在这所伟大的大学和你们共聚一堂。非常感谢你们邀请我。

Now, before I get started today, on behalf of myself and my husband, I just want to say a few very brief words about Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.As my husband has said, the United States is offering as many resources as possible to assist in the search.And please know that we are keeping all of the families and loved ones of those on this flight in our thoughts and prayers at this very difficult time.在我今天开始之前，代表我自己和我的丈夫，我想就马来西亚航空公司的MH370航班简短说两句。如我丈夫所说，美国正提供尽可能多的资源协助搜寻工作。请相信，在这个非常艰难的时刻，我们的心和航班上人员的家属和亲人在一起，我们为他们祈祷。Now with that, I want to start by recognizing our new Ambassador to China, Ambassador Baucus.President Wang;Chairman Zhu;Vice President Li;Director Cueller;Professor Oi, and the Stanford Center;President Sexton from New York University, which is an excellent study abroad program in Shanghai;and John Thornton, Director of the Global Leadership Program at Tsinghua University.Thank you all for joining us.现在，我们首先来认识一下美国新任驻华大使——博卡斯大使。王校长、朱主席、李副校长、Cuelluer主任、Jean Oi教授和斯坦福中心，纽约大学的塞克顿斯校长（该校在上海开设了一个优秀的海外留学项目），以及清华大学全球领袖项目主任约翰•桑顿，由衷地感谢大家的到来。

But most of all, I want to thank all of the students who are here today.And I particularly want to thank Eric Schaefer and Zhu Xuanhao for that extraordinary English and Chinese introduction.That was a powerful symbol of everything that I want to talk with you about today.最重要的是，我要感谢今天所有到场的学生们......我要特别感谢埃里克•谢弗和朱宣皓的精彩英文和中文介绍。这绝佳地诠释了我今天要和大家聊的全部话题。

See, by learning each other’s languages, and by showing such curiosity and respect for each other’s cultures, Mr.Schafer and Ms.Zhu and all of you are building bridges of understanding that will lead to so much more.And I’m here today because I know that our future depends on connections like these among young people like you across the globe.你们看，通过学习彼此的语言，通过展现对彼此文化的好奇心和尊重，谢弗先生、朱女士以及你们大家正在搭建理解的桥梁，这些桥梁带来更多的丰硕成果。我今天来到你们这里是因为我知道，我们的未来取决于全球像你们这样年轻人间的这样的联系。

That’s why when my husband and I travel abroad, we don’t just visit palaces and parliaments and meet with heads of state.We also come to schools like this one to meet with students like you, because we believe that relationships between nations aren’t just about relationships between governments or leaders--they’re about relationships between people, particularly young people.So we view study abroad programs not just as an educational opportunity for students, but also as a vital part of America’s foreign policy.这也是为什么我们夫妇在国外访问时，不只参观宫殿、议会和会晤国家元首。我们也来到学校，与像你们一样的学生见面。因为我们相信，国与国之间的关系不只是政府或领导人之间的关系，它们是人民间―特别是年轻人之间的关系。因此，我们认为海外留学项目不只是为学生提供的教育机会，还是美国外交政策至关重要的组成部分。Through the wonders of modern technology, our world is more connected than ever before.Ideas can cross oceans with the click of a button.Companies can do business and compete with companies across the globe.And we can text, email, Skype with people on every continent.通过现代技术奇迹，我们的世界比以往任何时候都更多地联系在一起。思想可以通过点击按钮跨越海洋。全球各地的公司可以进行业务往来和相互竟争。我们可以与各大洲的人们通过短信、电子邮件和Skype进行沟通。

So studying abroad isn’t just a fun way to spend a semester;it is quickly becoming the key to success in our global economy.Because getting ahead in today’s workplaces isn’t just about getting good grades or test scores in school, which are important.It’s also about having real experience with the world beyond your borders –-experience with languages, cultures and societies very different from your own.Or, as the Chinese saying goes: ―It is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.‖

因此，出国留学不只是以开心的方式度过一个学期——它正迅速成为全球化经济中取得成功的关键。因为要走在当今职场的前沿，只在学校里取得好成绩是不够的，还应拥有国境外的真实体验：体验完全不同的语言、文化和社会。正如中国的一句古话所说：―读万卷书，不如行万里路。‖

But let’s be clear, studying abroad is about so much more than improving your own future.It’s also about shaping the future of your countries and of the world we all share.Because when it comes to the defining challenges of our time-– whether it’s climate change or economic opportunity or the spread of nuclear weapons--these are shared challenges.And no one country can confront them alone.The only way forward is together.我想要说的是，出国留学绝不仅是改善你们自己的未来，它也关乎塑造你们的国家、关乎我们共有的世界的未来。因为我们这个时代的决定性挑战一一无论是气侯变化、经济机遇，还是核武器扩散一一这些都是我们共同的挑战。没有任何一个国家能够单独应对它们……唯一的出路就是共同携手。

That’s why it is so important for young people like you to live and study in each other’s countries, because that’s how you develop that habit of cooperation.You do it by immersing yourself in one another’s culture, by learning each other’s stories, by getting past the stereotypes and misconceptions that too often divide us.这就是为什么年轻人到彼此国家学习和生活是如此重要。因为这是你们培养合作习惯的途径一一你们通过融入不同的文化，通过了解彼此的故事，通过跨越常常隔膜我们的成见和误解，来做到这一点。That’s how you come to understand how much we all share.That’s how you realize that we all have a stake in each other’s success--that cures discovered here in Beijing could save lives in America, that clean energy technologies from Silicon Valley in California could improve the environment here in China, that the architecture of an ancient temple in Xi’an could inspire the design of new buildings in Dallas or Detroit.这是你们了解到我们共享多少东西的途径。这是你们认识到我们的成功惠及彼此的途径。在北京发现的治序方法可以挽救在美国的生命，来自加州硅谷的清洁能源技术可以改善中国的环境，西安一座古老寺庙的架构可激发达拉斯或者底特律新建筑设计的灵感。

And that’s when the connections you make as classmates or labmates can blossom into something more.That’s what happened when Abigail Coplin became an American Fulbright Scholar here at Peking University.She and her colleagues published papers together in top science journals, and they built research partnerships that lasted long after they returned to their home countries.And Professor Niu Ke from Peking University was a Fulbright Scholarship--Scholar in the U.S.last year, and he reported--and this is a quote from him--he said, ―The most memorable experiences were with my American friends.‖

这是你们与同学、实验伙伴建立起的联系能带来更多收获的时候。阿比盖尔•柯普林成为北京大学美国富布赖特学者的时候，她与同事们在首屈一指的科学杂志上共同发表论文，建立研究伙伴关系，这段关系在他们各自回国后还长久持续着。来自北京大学的牛可教授是去年的美国富布赖特学者。我引述下他的话，―最难忘的经历是和我的美国朋友们在一起。‖

These lasting bonds represent the true value of studying abroad.And I am thrilled that more and more students are getting this opportunity.As you’ve heard, China is currently the fifth most popular destination for Americans studying abroad, and today, the highest number of exchange students in the U.S.are from China.这些长久的纽带代表留学的真正价值，我很兴奋，越来越多的学生正得到这样的机会。中国目前是美国人留学的第五大热门目的地。今天的美国，来自中国的交换生数量最多。

But still, too many students never have this chance, and some that do are hesitant to take it.They may feel like studying abroad is only for wealthy students or students from certain kinds of universities.Or they may think to themselves, well, that sounds fun but how will it be useful in my life? And believe me, I understand where these young people are coming from because I felt the same way back when I was in college.尽管如此，太多的学生从来没有这样的机会，而一些有机会的学生则犹豫是否要抓住它。他们可能觉得留学只是有钱的学生或来自某类大学的学生的事。或者，他们可能心里想，―嗯，这听起来很有趣，但它在我的生活中真正有多大用处？‖ 我理解这些年轻人，因为我在上大学时也有同样的感受。

See, I came from a working-class family, and it never occurred to me to study abroad--never.My parents didn’t get a chance to attend college, so I was focused on getting into a university, earning my degree so that I could get a good job to support myself and help my family.And I know for a lot of young people like me who are struggling to afford a regular semester of school, paying for plane tickets or living expenses halfway around the world just isn’t possible.And that’s not acceptable, because study abroad shouldn’t just be for students from certain backgrounds.你们知道，我来自一个工薪阶层家庭，我甚至从来没想过留学。我的父母没有上过大学，我将精力集中在进入大学并获得学位，这样我就可以得到一份工作并养活自己、帮助家人。对于很多像我一样靠奋斗才能读得起一个常规学期的年轻人来说，支付世界另一边的机票或生活费实在是不可能的。这是不可接受的，因为留学不应仅属于有一些背景的学生。

Our hope is to build connections between people of all races and socioeconomic backgrounds, because it is that diversity that truly will change the face of our relationships.So we believe that diversity makes our country vibrant and strong.And our study abroad programs should reflect the true spirit of America to the world.我们希望在所有种族和社会经济背景的人之间建立联系，因为正是这样的多样性让我们的国家如此充满活力和强大……我们的海外留学项目应向世界反映美国的真正精神。

And that’s why when my husband visited China back in 2009, he announced the 100,000 Strong initiative to increase the number and diversity of American students studying in China.And this year, as we mark the 35th anniversary of the normalization of relationships between our two countries, the U.S.government actually supports more American students in China than in any other country in the world.这就是为什么在2009年我的丈夫访问中国时，宣布了我们的10万项倡议，该倡议旨在增加留学中国的美国学生的数量和多样性。而今年，在我们纪念中美两国关系正常化三十五周年之际，美国政府实际上支持更多的美国学生在中国学习。

We are sending high school, college and graduate students here to study Chinese.We’re inviting teachers from China to teach Mandarin in American schools.We’re providing free online advising for students in China who want to study in the U.S.And the U.S.-China Fulbright program is still going strong with more than 3,000 alumni.我们正将高中生、大学生和研究生送到这里来学习中文，我们正邀请中国老师到美国的高校教授普通话，我们为希望留学美国的中国学生提供免费的在线咨询。美中富布赖特项目仍在加强，现有3000多名学友。

And the private sector is stepping up as well.For example, Steve Schwarzman, who is the head of an American company called Blackstone, is funding a new program at Tsinghua University modeled on the Rhodes Scholarship.And today, students from all kinds of backgrounds are studying here in China.私人部门也在加紧工作。例如，美国黑石公司的主管斯蒂夫•施瓦茨曼正在资助清华大学模仿罗德奖学全的一个新项目。今天，来自不同背景的学生正在中国学习。

Take the example of Royale Nicholson, who’s from Cleveland, Ohio.She attends New York University’s program in Shanghai.Now, like me, Royale is a first-generation college student.And her mother worked two full-time jobs while her father worked nights to support their family.And of her experience in Shanghai, Royale said--and this is her quote--she said, ―This city oozes persistence and inspires me to accomplish all that I can.‖ And happy birthday, Royale.It was her birthday yesterday.(Laughter.)以来自俄亥俄州克利夫兰的罗亚尔为例，她参加了纽约大学在上海的项目。像我一样，罗亚尔是家里的第一代大学生。她母亲做两份全职工作，而她父亲晚上工作以维持他们的家庭。谈到她在上海的经历时，她说：―这座城市充满韧性，它激励我完成所有我能做的事。‖ 对了，罗亚尔，我祝你生日快乐。昨天正好是她的生日。

And then there’s Philmon Haile from the University of Washington, whose family came to the U.S.as refugees from Eritrea when he was a child.And of his experience studying in China, he said, ―Study abroad is a powerful vehicle for people-to-people exchange as we move into a new era of citizen diplomacy.‖

还有来自华盛顿大学的腓力门•海尔，他还是孩子的时候，他的家人作为厄立特里亚难民来到了美国。谈到他在中国学习的经历时，他说：―在我们进入公民外交的新时代之际，留学是人民间交流的一种强大工具。‖

―A new era of citizen diplomacy.‖ I could not have said it better myself, because that’s really what I’m talking about.I am talking about ordinary citizens reaching out to the world.And as I always tell young people back in America, you don’t need to get on a plane to be a citizen diplomat.I tell them that if you have an Internet connection in your home, school, or library, within seconds you can be transported anywhere in the world and meet people on every continent.―一个公民外交的新时代‖一一我想不出比这更好的说法了，因为这正是我正在谈的，那就是普通公民走向世界。正如我经常对美国年轻认说的那样，你不需要登上飞机才能成为公民外交官。我告诉他们，如果你在家里、学校或者图书馆能上网，只要几秒钟，你就可以被带到世界任何地方，遇见来自每个大陆的人。

And that’s why I’m posting a daily travel blog with videos and photos of my experiences here in China, because I want young people in America to be part of this visit.And that’s really the power of technology –-how it can open up the entire world and expose us to ideas and innovations we never could have imagined.这就是为什么我每天都要发一篇旅行博文，里面有我这次中国之行的视频和照片，因为我希望美国的年轻人能成为这次访问的一部分。这确实是技术的力量——它打开整个世界，让我们接触到以前根本难以想象的思想和创新。

And that’s why it’s so important for information and ideas to flow freely over the Internet and through the media, because that’s how we discover the truth.That’s how we learn what’s really happening in our communities and our country and our world.And that’s how we decide which values and ideas we think are best –-by questioning and debating them vigorously, by listening to all sides of an argument, and by judging for ourselves.这也是为什么信息和思想在互联网上、并通过媒体自由流动是如此重要。因为那是我们发现真理的途径，那使我们得以了解我们的社群、我们的国家和我们的世界到底在发生着什么。那也是我们何以决定哪些价值观和思想是最好的——通过有力地对它们提出疑问，进行辩论，倾听各方观点，并做出自己的判断。

And believe me, I know how this can be a messy and frustrating process.My husband and I are on the receiving end of plenty of questioning and criticism from our media and our fellow citizens.And it’s not always easy, but we wouldn’t trade it for anything in the world.Because time and again, we have seen that countries are stronger and more prosperous when the voices of and opinions of all their citizens can be heard.相信我，我知道这是一个令人困惑而沮丧的过程。有大量来自我们媒体和公民的质疑和批评，而我丈夫和我位于接收端。这并非易事，但我们认为它的重要无可取代。因为我们一次又一次地看到，当所有公民的声音和观点都能得到倾听之时，国家会变得更加强大和繁荣。And as my husband has said, we respect the uniqueness of other cultures and societies, but when it comes to expressing yourself freely and worshipping as you choose and having open access to information, we believe those universal rights--they are universal rights that are the birthright of every person on this planet.We believe that all people deserve the opportunity to fulfill their highest potential as I was able to do in the United States.正像我的丈夫曾说过的，我们尊重其他文化和社会的独特性。然而，就自由地表达自我、选择自己所崇拜的东西、以及享有信息公开而言——我们相信那是地球上每个人与生俱来的权利。我们相信，所有人都应享有实现自己最大潜能的机会，正如我在美国所能做到的那样。And as you learn about new cultures and form new friendships during your time here in China and in the United States, all of you are the living, breathing embodiment of those values.So I guarantee you that in studying abroad, you’re not just changing your own life, you are changing the lives of everyone you meet.同时，当你在中国这里以及在美国了解新的文化、结交新的朋友之时，你整个人就是那些价值观的鲜活代表。所以我保证，通过出国留学，你们不仅在改变自己的人生，也在改变你所遇到的每个人的人生。And as the great American President John F.Kennedy once said about foreign students studying in the U.S., he said ―I think they teach more than they learn.‖ And that is just as true of young Americans who study abroad.All of you are America’s best face, and China’s best face, to the world--you truly are.正像伟大的美国总统约翰•肯尼迪谈到留学美国的外国学生时说的那样，―我想他们所教的比他们学到的还要多。‖而对出国学习的年径美国人来说也是一样的。对世界而言，你们所有人都是最好的美国面孔，和最好的中国面孔。

Every day, you show the world your countries’ energy and creativity and optimism and unwavering belief in the future.And every day, you remind us--and me in particular--of just how much we can achieve if we reach across borders, and learn to see ourselves in each other, and confront our shared challenges with shared resolve.每一天，你们都在向世界展示你们国家的能量、创造力、乐观，以及对未来坚定不移的信念。每一天，你们都在提醒我们，通过跨越国界，学会在彼此身上看到我们自己，和用共同的决心应对我们共同的挑战。So I hope you all will keep seeking these kinds of experiences.And I hope you’ll keep teaching each other, and learning from each other, and building bonds of friendship that will enrich your lives and enrich our world for decades to come.所以，我希望你们都会不断寻求这样的经历。我希望你们能继续受益于彼此，互相学习，同时建立起友谊的纽带，而这些纽带能在未来数十年丰富你们的生活，也丰富我们的世界。

You all have so much to offer, and I cannot wait to see all that you achieve together in the years ahead.你们大家都有这么多可以给予世界，我热切期待着你们未来的成就。Thank you so much.Xie-Xie.(Applause.)非常感谢。谢谢。

篇2：米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

25日上午10时50分，成都七中艺术楼音乐厅，在持续20秒的热烈掌声后，美国总统奥巴马夫人米歇尔发表此次访华期间的第二场演讲。她用刚学不久的中文“你好”和“谢谢”作为开场白和结束语，并以讲故事的方式，与成都中学生分享自己的求学经历，强调教育对年轻人的重要性。

Remarks by the First Lady at Number Seven School Chengdu, China March 25, 2014

Ni hao.It is truly a pleasure to be here at the Number Seven School.Thank you so much for your warm welcome.Now, before I get started, on behalf of myself and my husband, I want to say that our hearts go out to all those with loved ones on Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.As I said this past weekend when I spoke at Peking University, we are very much keeping all of them in our thoughts and our prayers at this tremendously difficult time.So now, let me start by thanking your Principal, Principal Liu, and your classmate, Ju Chao, for that wonderful introduction.Your English, Ju Chao, is excellent, and you should be very proud.Thank you so much.(Applause.)And I want to thank all of the students here today, both those of you here in person and those of you joining remotely from across the region.I’m thrilled to be visiting your wonderful school.Now, in preparation for this visit, before I left the U.S.I visited the Yu Ying School.It’s a public school near the White House in Washington, D.C., and all of the students at this school study Chinese.And I met with the sixth-grade class, kids who are 11 and 12 years old.They had recently taken a trip here to China, and they were bursting with excitement.They were eager to tell me about everything about what they had seen.But they admitted that before their trip, they had all kinds of misconceptions about China.They thought they would see palaces and temples everywhere they went, but instead they found massive cities filled with skyscrapers.They weren’t sure that they’d like the food here in China, but they actually loved it, and they learned how to use chopsticks.And in the end, one of the students told me –-and this is his quote--he said, “Coming home was really exciting, but was at the same time sad.”

Now, meeting these students reminded me that when we live so far away from each other, it’s easy to develop all kinds of misconceptions and stereotypes.It’s easy to focus on our differences –-how we speak different languages and eat different foods and observe different traditions.But as I travel the world, and I meet young people from so many countries, I’m always struck by how much more we have in common.And that’s been particularly true during my visit here in China.You see, the truth is that I grew up like many of you.My mom, my dad, my brother and I, we lived in a tiny apartment in Chicago, which is one of the largest cities in America.My father worked at the local water plant.And we didn’t have much money, but our little home was bursting with love.Every evening, my family would laugh and share stories over dinner.We’d play card games and have fun for hours.And on summer nights, I remember, when our apartment got too hot, we’d all sleep outside on our back porch.Family meant everything to us, including our extended family.My grandparents lived nearby, and my elderly great aunt and uncle lived in the apartment downstairs from us.And when their health started to decline my parents stepped in, helping my uncle shave and dress each morning, dashing downstairs in the middle of the night to check on my aunt.So in my family, like in so many of your families, we took care of each other.And while we certainly weren’t rich, my parents had big dreams for me and my brother.They had only a high school education themselves, but they were determined to send us both to universities.So they poured all of their love and all of their hope into us, and they worked hard.They saved every penny.And I know that wasn’t easy for them, especially for my father.You see, my father had a serious illness called multiple sclerosis.And as he got sicker, it got harder for him to walk, and it took him longer to get dressed in the morning.But no matter how tired he felt, no matter how much pain he was in, my father hardly ever missed a day of work, because he was determined to give me and my brother a better life.And every day, like so many of you, I felt the weight of my parents’ sacrifices on my shoulders.Every day, I wanted to make them proud.So while most American kids attend public schools near their homes, when it was time for me to attend high school, I took an exam and got into a special public high school where I could get a better education.But the school was very far from my home, so I had to get up early every morning and ride a bus for an hour, sometimes an hour and a half if the weather was bad.And every afternoon, I’d ride that same bus back home and then immediately start my homework, often studying late into the night--and sometimes I would wake up at 4:30 or 5:00 in the morning to study even more.And it wasn’t easy.But whenever I got tired or discouraged, I would just think about how hard my parents were working for me.And I would remember something my mother always told me –-she said: “A good education is something that no one can take away from you.”

And when it was time for me to apply to university, I had many options, because in America, there are many kinds of universities.There are four-year universities.There are two-year community colleges which are less expensive.There are universities where you take classes at night while working during the day.So you don’t have to be a top student to attend a university.And even if your parents don’t have much money or you live in a tiny town in a rural area, in America, you can still attend university.And you can get scholarships and government loans to help pay your tuition.So I attended Princeton University for my undergraduate degree, and I went on to Harvard University for my graduate degree in law.And with those degrees I was able to become a lawyer at a large law firm, and then I worked as an executive at a city hospital, and then I was the director of an organization that helped disadvantaged young people.And my story isn’t unusual in America.Some of our most famous athletes, like LeBron James, and artists, like the singer Janelle Monae, came from struggling families like mine, as do many business leaders – like Howard Schultz.He’s the head of a company called Starbucks, which many of you may have heard of.When Mr.Schultz was a boy his father lost his job, leaving their family destitute.But Mr.Schultz worked hard.He got a scholarship to a university, and eventually built the largest coffeehouse company in the world.And then there’s this other guy I know who was raised by a single mother who sometimes struggled to afford food for their family.But like me, this guy got scholarships and loans to attend universities.He became a lawyer and a professor, and then he was a state senator and then a national senator.And then, he became President of the United States.This guy I’m talking about is my husband, Barack Obama.(Applause.)

These stories are the stories of so many Americans, and of America itself.Because in America, we believe that no matter where you live or how much money your parents have, or what race or religion or ethnicity you are, if you work hard and believe in yourself, then you should have a chance to succeed.We also believe that everyone is equal, and that we all have the right to say what we think and worship as we choose, even when others don’t like what we say or don’t always agree with what we believe.Now of course, living up to these ideals isn’t always easy.And there have been times in our history where we have fallen short.Many decades ago, there were actually laws in America that allowed discrimination against black people like me, who are a minority in the United States.But over time, ordinary citizens decided that those laws were unfair.So they held peaceful protests and marches.They called on government officials to change those laws, and they voted to elect new officials who shared their views.And slowly but surely, America changed.We got rid of those unjust laws.And today, just 50 years later, my husband and I are President and First Lady of the United States.And that is really the story of America –-how over the course of our short history, through so many trials and struggles, we have become more equal, more inclusive, and more free.And today in America, people of every race, religion and ethnicity live together and work together to build a better life for their children and grandchildren.And in the end, that deep yearning to leave something better for those who come after us, that is something we all truly share.In fact, there’s a Chinese saying that I love that says, “To achieve true happiness, help the next generation.”

And like so many of your parents, my parents sacrificed so much so that I could have opportunities they never dreamed of.And today, as a mother myself, I want even more opportunities for my own daughters.But of course, as I always tell my daughters, with opportunities come obligations.And that is true for all of you as well.You all have the opportunity to receive an education from this wonderful school, and you all have an obligation to take the fullest advantage of this opportunity.And I know that’s exactly what you all are doing.You’re winning prizes in math and science.Here, you are staging musical performances around the world.You’re volunteering in your communities.And many of you are working hard to get an education your parents never dreamed of.So you all have so much to offer –-and that’s a good thing, because the world needs your talent.The world needs your creativity and energy more than ever before.Because we face big challenges that know no borders –-like improving the quality of our air and water, ensuring that people have good jobs, stopping the spread of disease.And soon, it will all fall to all of you to come together with people on every continent and solve these problems together.Now, fortunately, here at this wonderful school, you’re already well on your way.For more than a decade, you’ve been building special relationships with a American school in--an American high school, and many of you will attend universities in America or find other ways to reach out beyond your borders.So in the years ahead, much like you and I are doing here today, you will be creating bonds of friendship across the globe that will last for decades to come.And over the past week, as I have seen both the ancient wonders and the modern achievements of your fascinating country, and as I’ve met with extraordinary young people like all of you, I am more confident than ever before in our shared future.And I cannot wait to see everything that you will achieve here in China and around the world.Thank you again for hosting me and my family at this extraordinary school, and I wish you all the best of luck in your journey ahead.Xie-Xie.(Applause.)

米歇尔在成都七中演讲全文

奇速英语整理

你好。非常高兴和荣幸来到第七中学„„谢谢你们的热情欢迎。

我要首先感谢你们的校长——刘校长和你们的同学——琚朝的精彩介绍„„琚朝，你的英语非常棒，你应该为自己骄傲！

我还要感谢今天到场的每一位同学——不论是在现场还是这个区域远程连线进来的。我无比兴奋能访问你们这么好的学校。

在我离开美国之前准备这次访问时，我在华盛顿哥伦比亚特区访问了白宫附近的一所公立学校“育英学校。”

这所学校的所有学生都学习中文„„我和小学六年级一个班的同学们见了面——他们都是十一、十二岁的孩子。

他们最近刚来过中国„„他们都充满了兴奋，急于告诉我他们所看到的一切。

但他们承认，来中国之前，他们有着各种各样有关中国的误解。

他们以为到处都会看到宫殿和庙宇„„可是，他们看到的却是充满摩天大厦的大型城市。

他们原来不知道自己会不会喜欢中国这边的食物,实际上他们却爱上了它——他们甚至学会了使用筷子。

最后，一名学生告诉我——这是原话，“回家真是让人既兴奋又难过。”

和这些学生见面提醒了我，当我们生活在相隔如此遥远的地方，很容易产生各种误解和成见。

人们很容易只关注不同点——我们如何讲不同的语言、吃不同的食物和遵循不同的习俗和传统。

但随着我在世界各地旅行，遇到这么多国家的年轻人，我总是惊讶于我们有更多共同之处的事实。

这次对中国的访问尤其说明了这一点。

你们看，事实是，我的成长经历和你们许多人一样。

我父母和哥哥与我同住在芝加哥的一间小公寓里，芝加哥是美国最大的城市之一。

我父亲曾在当地一家水厂工作-我们没有太多钱„„但是，我们的小家充满了爱。

每天晚上，晚餐时分，我们全家都会在一起说笑和分享故事„„我们会一连几个小时地打牌、玩游戏„„夏天的夜晚，当公寓里太热时，我们都睡在户外的后阳台。

家庭对我们来说意味着一切，这也包括我们的大家庭。

我的祖父母住得很近——我年迈的姨姥姥和姨姥爷住在楼下的公寓里。

当他们的健康状况开始下降，我父母开始每天早晨帮我姨姥爷刮胡子、穿衣服——半夜三更冲到楼下查看我姨姥姥的情况。

所以，在我的家里，我们互相照顾，就像在你们许多家庭里一样。

虽然我们并不富裕„„我父母对我和哥哥抱有远大梦想。

虽然他们自己只有高中学历，但他们决心送我们俩上大学。

因此，她们对我们倾注了全部的爱和希望„„他们拼命工作，积攒每一分钱，我知道这对他们来说并不容易，尤其是对我父亲来说，我父亲患有被称为多发性硬化症的重病。

随着他的病情加重，他的行走变得更加困难，早上他需要花更长时间才能穿好衣服。

但不管他觉得多累„„不管他有多痛苦——我父亲几乎从没耽误过一天的工作。因为他决心给我和哥哥更好的生活。

每一天，像你们之中的很多人一样，我肩上都能感到父母的付出的分量。

每一天，我想让他们感到骄傲。

所以，尽管大多数美国孩子都在家附近的公立学校就读，到了我要读高中的时候，我参加了考试并且进入了一所特殊的公立高中，我认为我能在那里得到更好的教育。

但是，这所学校离我家很远„„因此我不得不每天早上早起，坐一个小时公共汽车，天气不好的时候甚至要一个半小时。

而每天下午，我乘坐同一趟车回家，然后立即开始做家庭作业。经常学到深夜„„有时为了多学点，我在清晨4：30或5：00就起床。

这很不容易。

但每当我疲倦或沮丧的时候，我就想想我父亲为了我正在多么辛苦地工作。

我会记起我妈妈一直告诉我的话——她说：“良好的教育是谁都无法从你身上拿走的东西。”

到了我要申请大学的时候，我有很多选择，因为在美国有许多类型的大学—有四年制大学„„有比较便宜的两年制社区学院„„有让你晚上上课而白天工作的大学„„所以要读大学，你不必是优等生。

即使你的父母没有很多钱，或者你住在乡村的一个小镇上„„在美国，你仍然就读大学„„而且你可以得到奖学金和政府贷款帮助你支付学费。

所以我去了普林斯顿大学攻读本科学位„„后来我又去了哈佛大学攻读法学硕士学位。

有了这些学位，我能在一家大型律师事务所担任一名律师„„然后我在一家城市医院担任管理人员，然后我成了一个帮助弱势青少年组织的负责人。

而我的故事在美国并不异乎寻常。

我们一些最有名的运动员，比如勒布朗.詹姆斯（LeBron James），还有艺术家，比如歌手加奈儿.梦奈（Janelle Monae），都来自困难家庭„„还有很多商界领袖，他成了一名律师，一位法律教授„后来他成了州参议员，然后是国家参议员„再后来，他成了美国总统„没错，这个人就是我的丈夫巴拉克.欧巴马。

这些故事也是太多美国人的故事——也是美国自己的故事。

因为在美国，我们相信，无论你住在哪里„或者你的父母有多少钱„或者你来自什么种族、宗教或族裔„如果你努力，并且相信自己，那么你就有机会成功。

我们也相信，每个人都是平等的，我们都有权利说我们所想，选择我们所崇拜，即使其他人不喜欢我们所说的，或者不同意我们所相信的。

当然，坚守这些理想并非易事——而历史上我们也有做得不尽如人意的时候。

几十年前，美国实际上是有法律允许歧视像我这样美国黑人少数族裔的。

但是随着时间的推移，普通公民决定，那些法律是不公平的。

于是他们举行了和平示威和游行„„他们呼吁政府官员修改那些法律„„他们还投票选举同意他们观点的新官员。

于是慢慢地，但是毫无疑问地，美国改变了。

我们取消了那些不公正的法律。

而如今，仅仅50年之后，我丈夫和我已经是美国总统和第一夫人。

那的确是美国的故事——我们如何在我们短短的历史进程中，通过这么多艰苦磨难和不懈斗争，变得更加平等、更加包容、更加自由。

如今在美国，来自各个种族、宗教和族裔的人居住在一起，共同为子孙后代创造更好的生活。最后，那种为我们后代留下更美好事物的深切渴望——这才是我们真正的共同愿望。

事实上，有一句我喜欢的中国名言这样说：“造福子孙，幸福自己。”

像你们许多人的父母一样。我父母牺牲了很多，让我能有他们从未梦想过的机会。

如今，我自己作为一名母亲，我希望我自己的女儿们拥有甚至更多的机会。

但当然，就如同我总是告诫女儿们的，伴随机会而来的义务。

这也适用于你们所有人。

你们都有机会在这么美好的学校接受教育——你们都有义务充分利用这个机会。

而这正是你们都在做的。

你们赢得数学和科学奖„„你们在世界各地进行音乐演出„„你们在社区做志愿服务„„你们很多人努力奋斗以接受你们父母从未梦想过的教育。

所以，你们都有那么多可以给予——这是好事，因为世界比以往任何时候都更需要你们的才华、创造力和能量。

因为我们面对的是没有边界的巨大挑战——比如改善我们空气和水的质量„„确保人们有好的工作„„和阻止疾病的传播。

很快，你们所有人就要肩负责任和每一个大洲的人们一起共同解决这些问题。

幸运的是，在这所学校，你们已经有了一个好的开端。

十多年来，你们同美国一所高中建立了特殊关系，你们中的许多人将去美国上大学或以其他方式接触外面的世界。所以未来几年，就像你们和我今天在这里所做的，你们将在全球各地创建友谊的纽带，这些纽带将在未来几十年绵延持续。

过去一周，当我看到你们迷人国家的古老奇迹和现代成就时„„当我和像你们一样的杰出年轻人见面时„„我对我们共同的未来比以往任何时候都更加自信„我迫不及待地想看到你们大家取得的所有成就，不论是在中国还是世界各地。

再次感谢你们在你们杰出的学校接待我和家人，祝愿你们前程似锦，一路好运。

谢谢。

篇3：米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

关键词：西方经典修辞学理论,米歇尔,北大演讲,劝说手段

2014年3月,应中国国家主席习近平夫人彭丽媛邀请,美国总统奥巴马夫人米歇尔20日下午抵达北京,3月22日上午,米歇尔在北京大学发表演讲。

一、西方经典修辞学理论的基本概念

亚里士多德给予过修辞学如下定义“修辞学可以帮助人们拥有一种能力,这种能力使得人们在面对任何情况下都能找到说服他人的手段”(Aristotle,1954)。现代修辞学中,修辞学的应用范围可以说是无所不至,生活中的各个领域都可以用修辞学来解读,然而由于当时历史和社会的局限性,经典修辞学主要被用于传统的演讲中,比如,法学演讲、议政演讲和宣德演讲。“劝说”是经典修辞学理论的核心思想,演讲者为了劝说听众一般会采用艺术论证方法和非艺术论证法,非艺术论证法比较简单,主要是合同、证词和法律文件。艺术论证法可以分为三段论的省略式和例证式。西塞罗的《修辞学》将完成一个演讲所要经过的过程分为了五大阶段,亚里士多德对于这个“劝说”过程提出了三大诉诸。

二、西方经典修辞学理论演讲的五大阶段与米歇尔的演讲

1.米歇尔演讲的觅材取材

觅材取材首先要确定我们文章的主题应该是什么,应该搜集那些材料。在演讲中,首先,米歇尔选择了“Malaysia AirlinesFlight 370”,米歇尔考虑到了她的这次访华的背景情况,当时中国全国上下正在密切关注着“马航事件”的营救情况,之后重点转向到了“文化”领域,米歇尔作为总统夫人不可能将她取材的重点放在政治或者经济领域,只可能以一位关爱孩子,关心教育的母亲角度来重点取材。除了“马航事件”与教育取材,米歇尔也引用了中国著名俗语“读万卷书,行万里路”来探讨留学问题,米歇尔阐述了留学的重要性,鼓励中美学生走出去。纵观米歇尔的这次演讲,其“觅材取材”既考虑到自己的身份地位情况,同时也关注到演讲听众的心理需求,有重点,有轻重“,觅材取材”这个过程做得十分成功。

2.米歇尔演讲的布局谋篇

布局谋篇则是在确定好演讲的主题与材料后,决定这些材料的出场顺序,将所选好的材料以一定的顺序编排起来。演讲中,米歇尔一开头首先用中文和现场观众热情打了一个招呼,然后严肃的谈到了“马航事件”,米歇尔通过“马航事件”立刻与现场听众产生了情感共鸣。然后开始感谢邀请她来的一些学校领导,接下来又提到国家间留学生互相交流学习的重要性,最后又阐述了美国在支持留学方面所做出的努力。从其开头到中间再到结尾,米歇尔先呈现内容由小到大,层层递进,层次清晰、条理分明,节奏上也考虑到了听众的心理特点,鲜明的同时也坚持了适度原则,张弛有序,始终维持住了观众的注意力。

3.米歇尔演讲的文体风格

文体风格的决定则既要考虑到我们的主题是什么同时也要兼顾到对演讲受众的考虑,根据演讲的受众来选择最适宜的,最易于他们理解的文体风格。

米歇尔的演讲风格一直比较温和,这与其自身形象比较阳光温暖有关,一直让人感觉到她是一位有爱心的母亲同时是一位十分支持丈夫事业的妻子,是历届美国第一夫人性格比较外向的一位。米歇尔的这次北大演讲文体风格比较平易近人,属于娓娓道来型,这与其丈夫奥巴马演讲的文体风格不同,奥巴马的演讲中,一般经常使用长短句交替,文中排比句频率很高具有鼓动性与感召力。对比奥巴马总统的演讲,米歇尔的北大演讲,文中几乎没有什么排比句,句子的结构也属于简单明了型,文体风格比较温和不具有侵略性,让听众感觉如沐春风,亲切自然。

4.米歇尔演讲的记忆

众所周知,一场好的演讲必然是生动活泼的,要让听众感觉到他在与演讲人互动中,而不是单纯地看演讲者拿着稿子在那里朗诵,所以这个时候我们就需要第四个阶段“记忆”,只有在对演讲的内容烂熟于心的情况下,我们才能在演讲过程中自信灵活的表达我们的思想,纵观米歇尔演讲的整个过程,整个演讲十分流畅,浑然一体,丝毫不让观众感觉到演讲者正在背诵演讲稿,演讲过程的生动活泼必然与米歇尔对整个演讲文本的烂熟于心有关,可见要做好一场好的演讲,演说者必须在对演讲文本的记忆上投入必要的时间与精力。

5.米歇尔演讲的演说技巧

演说技巧是指临场的发挥表现,考察演说者对其声音和肢体的灵活运用。在米歇尔的演讲中,米歇尔感谢了邀请她来的一系列校方领导时候音调语速都是正常速度,但当感谢在场能来听她演讲的学生时候,音量提高地说出“students”这个词的时候,她的语速较慢,有拖音现象,米歇尔在此处的表现,让现场的听众感受到她对他们的尊重,米歇尔整个演讲过程中会时不时的对观众给予微笑回应。在提到“马航事件”时候,米歇尔表情非常严肃;其次,在提到她因为自身原因,她没有机会出国留学时候,米歇尔表情带着些许悲伤惋惜;最后,在提到出国留学不应该只是少数人的特权时候她表情严肃,并且皱眉。表达出了米歇尔在心理上,把自己归类为普通百姓的一员反对特权的存在,增强了她与听众的联系。

纵观米歇尔这次的北大演讲,充分体现了西方经典修辞学的五大阶段的各个阶段的充分准备与发挥,觅材取材的新鲜贴切,布局谋篇的清晰明了,文体风格的平易近人,记忆的烂熟于心。

三、米歇尔演讲与劝说手段

1.米歇尔演讲的逻辑诉诸

逻辑诉诸(Logo)源于人是充满理性的,米歇尔的演讲中广泛的运用了逻辑三段论的省略式,比如米歇尔提到她来自于工薪阶层的家庭,她因此很遗憾她那时候没有机会海外留学,在这里小前提是米歇尔来自于工薪家庭,结论是她很遗憾没有机会去海外留学,在这里米歇尔就省略了一个大前提,出国留学比较昂贵,而工薪阶层家庭收入并没有很高。随后,米歇尔又在演讲中反复强调出国留学的重要性,说出国留学不仅仅可以为学生自身创造一个美好的未来,更重要的是此举也将会为自己的国家创造一个美好未来,此处有一个前提,米歇尔举例提到美国的纽约大学在上海设立办事处努力帮助中国学生留学美国,于是在这两个前提下,听众很容易得到美国在帮助中国学生、中国未来这个结论,这里运用到逻辑诉诸。

2.米歇尔演讲的情感诉诸

为了在演讲中实现情感诉诸的目的,演讲人在选材时候尽量选择能拉近其与听众距离的材料,演说者会首先挖掘其自身与听众的相似之处,比如曾经共同经历过某种事情,有着共同的出身,来自于共同的地方,说共同的方言。

在演说中,米歇尔一开场选择用中文“你好”打招呼,引起观众欢笑回应,气氛一下就变得和谐愉快,同时也拉近了她与观众的距离感。在第二个例子中,针对近日马航事件乘坐该航班的大量中国乘客失联,米歇尔表达了美国对此事的关注并且正在全力援救中,同时也表达了她个人对此事的痛心并且为此祈祷,所有这些都有助于激发调动听众的情感,让听众感到米歇尔在马航事件中,和他们有着共同的目标并且都在为此奋斗中,这些都是情感诉诸的成功运用。

3.米歇尔的演讲的人格诉诸

演讲中,米歇尔一直非常礼貌热情,在演讲的前面部分,米歇尔说道:“感到十分荣幸和喜悦能有这个机会在这所伟大的大学中给予这次演讲。”他们访问时候每次都会去当地的学校里和学生进行面对面的交流,在这里米歇尔让听众感觉到她的母亲形象,让听众更愿意去倾听这位第一夫人所思所想。人格诉诸里提到,演说者自身形象的良好有助于使听众接受其所要演说的内容,在此处的演讲文稿就充分体现了西方经典修辞学对人格诉诸的要求。

四、结语

篇4：米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

【关键词】话语修辞 五位一体戏剧理论 统一理论

在当今的政治舞台上，男性已不再握有绝对主导权利。女性，尤其是政要们的夫人所产生的影响力与日俱增，如安·罗姆尼在2012年大选前在共和党全国大会上所作的一场演讲。演讲是一种对语言的特殊运用，作为一种重要的政治宣传手段，演讲主要是发挥其劝说功用！伯克认为： “人一旦运用语言，便不可避免地进入修辞情景。”结合这类女性特定的身份角色这一背景来思考，就会发现他们的演讲其实具有很强的修辞目的。从戏剧理论来探索这一演讲的修辞目的，从同一理论来发掘演讲者是如何一步步地将其动机传递给受话者，使其与发话者达成同一、诱发行动，从而加深读者对该演说的理解和认识。

一、新修辞学理论

戏剧理论是通过戏剧分析来研究人类行为关系和动机的一种方法。人的任何行为都是欲望的表现，都有其相应的动机。因此这一理论将话语看做戏剧，揭示其中隐含的修辞动机，通过“行为”“执行者”“方法”“场景”以及“目的”这五个要素间的关系确定关系比，这个关系比的不同会表现成不同的话语动机。

同一理论在伯克新修辞理论中占有重要地位。伯克认为，只有修辞者使用符号或语言与听众取得“同一”时，才能达到诱发他人行为的目的。取得“同一”主要有三种方式：“同情认同”、“对立认同”和“误同”。“同情认同”强调听众与说话者的共同感情、信仰和利益等，借此达到听者对说话者的认同；“对立认同”则是大家通过共同的对立面而形成联合；“误同”是一种普遍存在的认识误区，是日常广告的惯用手法。

二、对米歇尔演讲的修辞分析

1米歇尔的演讲动机分析

在美国北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市举行的民主党全国代表大会上，第一夫人米歇尔进行了声情并茂的演说，时值美国大选时期，面对罗姆尼这样的强劲对手，米歇尔的演讲无疑是在为丈夫奥巴马做宣传，赢得更多的支持。她的演讲内容着力表现奥巴马能够深切理解美国普通大众的生活疾苦，能够继续更好地进行改革，以此赢得民心。

米歇尔的演讲采取的是循序渐进的方式，内容大致可以分为四部分。

第一部分从美国精神入手。描述了她成为第一夫人后游历美国的所见所闻，宣扬着人们仍旧使其熠熠生辉的美国精神，既作为一个美国国民的自尊自豪感、开拓进取，富民强国的精神以及实用主义。她所用到的元素有：

场景：民主党全国代表大会

执行者：米歇尔

行为：讲述自己所感受到的美国精神

方法：通过自己的见闻

目的：唤起人们共同拥有的美国精神

这部分米歇尔突出了“执行者-行为”的关系比，在这个充满政治色彩的舞台上，米歇尔没有开门见山的直接提出政治观点，即使在当今时代，第一夫人过度干预政治仍然会遭到反感。她选择循序渐进的方式来引入话题，首先树立自己在听众心中的权威，让听众觉得她的话值得信赖。在开篇，丝毫没有提及政治，而是非常直接的从美国精神这一大众非常公认的话题切入。“I have seen the very best of the American spirit.”“I have seen it...I have seen it...I have seen it...”使用氣势磅礴的排比句来进一步表现这种美国精神，表现出自身对这种美国精神的崇尚。这是米歇尔演讲策略的第一步，利用“执行者-行为”关系比，迎合了大众的角色期待，即一位与他们同样崇尚美国精神的角色，让人们对其产生信赖，认为米歇尔所说的话是值得信赖的，为下文所植入的政治观点做好铺垫。

第二部分承上启下。从对美国精神的谈论转到对奥巴马夫妇成长经历的讲述，他们是如何在艰苦的环境中如何践行伟大的美国精神的。“You see， Barack and I were both raised by families......never imagined for themselves.”这一部分所用到的元素有：

场景：美国-一个伟大的国度

执行者：米歇尔&奥巴马

行为：从贫苦人民到成功者

方法：不断努力去争取和奋斗

目的：实现美国精神

这一部分突出的“行为-执行者”的关系比，在总统大选中要努力拉取的选票更多是来自普通大众的，因此赢得民众的信任是十分必要的。米歇尔强调奥巴马与自己艰辛的成长历程、卑微的家庭背景。第一夫人的此番言论让人联想到了共和党总统候选人罗姆尼优越的家庭背景，米歇尔想以此来说明，奥巴马才是真正理解民众苦难并以改善百姓生活为己任的国家领导人。米歇尔指出，奥巴马深知并践行了美国精神，渴望所有的美国人都能获得同样的机会。她含泪提到，奥巴马由单身母亲艰辛抚养长大，能明白普通家庭的疾苦，所以对奥巴马来讲，所有的问题，归根结底不是政治问题，而是感同身受的“个人问题”。

第三部分是米歇尔对奥巴马工作上的肯定与支持。希望得到更多美国民众的支持，共同践行美国精神。“I love that we can trust Barack to do what he says he’s going to do，even when it’s hard especially when it’s hard.”这部分涉及的元素：

场景：经济仍旧不景气，医疗改革亟待解决的社会现状

执行者：奥巴马

行为：继续刺激经济发展并尽快解决医疗改革问题

方法：总统的领导以及民众共同的努力

目的：改善社会状况，“救民于水火”

这一部分突出“场景-行为”关系比，其中的行为是该场景所要求的，并由场景来确定合适与否。经济低迷，医疗改革问题突出，教育资源分配不均等社会现状，米歇尔以奥巴马为例，把这一关系比推向听众，使听众产生内心对改革的期望，强调出采取改革行动的必要性，呼吁群众继续支持奥巴马推进改革，共同迎来美好的愿景。

综上所述，米歇尔首先营造自身的可信形象，进一步通过讲述她与奥巴马的艰辛成长经历来拉拢广大民众的心，最后从讲述改革问题来唤起民众对改革的信心以继续支持奥巴马。

2米歇尔的修辞分析

修辞行为的使用在于消除存在的分歧与隔阂以达到“同一”。演讲者将听众与其自身同一的过程，通过符号系统中的等级观念使其产生转变观念的冲动。米歇尔将这两个方面很好的运用在一起，达到其鼓舞听众支持奥巴马的意图。

2.1“同一”的过程

演讲者通过话语使听众感觉到自己与演讲者有大量的共同之处，从而不知不觉的加入到了演讲者的队伍中。

2.1.1同情认同

米歇尔首先是借用美国精神这一美国国民普遍的价值观念，她用自己的所见所闻来表现自己跟大家一样崇尚的美国精神。“I have seen it......ur proud military families…”米歇尔以此来表达自己是大家中的一员，拉近了与听众之间的距离，她同样是一位普通的美国人民，有着同样的感受，引起大家的共鸣，让大家觉得与米歇尔之间有着共同的感触，产生了一种亲近感。强调了美国人民的这种精神带给她深深的影响。“Every day， the people I meet inspire me... in the greatest nation on earth.”这迎合了大众需要被关注的心理，强化了大众对米歇尔的肯定。

紧接着米歇尔将话题转向了自己与奥巴马相识相爱，以此将听众的注意力转移到奥巴马身上，其精明之处就在于懂得挑选材料，恰到好处的表现出讲者的观点，以达到劝说的效果。米歇尔在演讲中选取了自己，奥巴马，自己父亲的奋斗史作为素材，奥巴马夫妇直到40岁才还完了学生贷款；米歇尔的父亲是城市水厂的一名泵浦操作员。就和很多人一样，米歇尔父亲衡量生命成功的方式是靠工作让自己的家庭过上体面的生活。他们学会了做自尊正派的人——努力工作远比挣钱多少重要…帮助别人比自己争先更有意义。我们学会了做诚实守信的人——要讲究真相…不能妄图走捷径或耍小伎俩…以及公平争取来的成功才算数。他们都是依靠自己诚实的劳动取得了成功，没有任何捷径，“泵浦操作员”、“贷款”等词与下层社会联系密切，但“总统”、“第一夫人”这样的词汇又深深的反应出了他们身份地位的改变，即使如此，这仍让人们感受到了来自社会底层的他们深知民众的疾苦，处在底层时的他们仍旧朝着美国梦努力着。这使得米歇尔和奥巴马都与美国民众联系在了一起。最后通过孩子这一对象成功的连接到了美国千千万万的家庭。

2.1.2对立认同

对立认同是“通过分裂而达成凝聚的最迫切的形式”这里所说的分裂指的是对立面。因为对立面的存在，讲者与说话者达成认同，形成联合，树立共同的敌人。

米歇尔从妻子的角度为听众讲述了奥巴马为大家所做的努力，奥巴马来自于底层社会，能够更加深刻且真切的理解民眾苦难并成为以改善百姓生活为己任的国家领导人。相比之下，共和党总统候选人罗姆尼有着优越的家庭背景，他此前多次提到自己的“成功”，但他举的例子就是在贝恩公司担任首席执行官时赚了“大钱”。因此，米歇尔在演讲中特意指出：“对奥巴马来说，成功不在于你拥有多少财富，而是你能改变和影响民众的生活。”这就给普通民众的心理设定了一个比较对象，相比较出身优越的罗姆尼，奥巴马似乎更适合成为代表民众呼声的总统，更加能够实施有利于大众的改革，从而对罗姆尼的印象处于一种怀疑态度，这就成功的塑造了共同的对立面。使得民心更加倾向于有着相似成长经历的奥巴马。

在演讲中通过同情认同和对立认同来减少分歧，建立起的同一是众多政治演讲中惯用的手法。

3结语

伯克的新修辞理论所蕴含的内容为我们研究演讲中的修辞效果提供了新的视角。本文以此对米歇尔《希望不死，永存斗志》的演讲进行了较为深入的分析。运用戏剧理论将演讲分为三部分，分析修辞动机；运用同一理论分析米歇尔如何从同情、对立两个方面来赢得更多的支持。可以看出许多政要夫人的演讲多数都隐含着巨大的政治目的，本文即是表现除了米歇尔为他的丈夫拉取选票，提升支持率的目的。同时，这也为我们对其他演讲进行修辞分析提供了借鉴。

【参考文献】

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[5] 周强，基于肯尼斯·伯克新修辞学的语篇解读模式：以葛底斯堡演说为例[J].长春工程学院学报：社会科学版，2010（1）：111-113

篇5：奥巴马就职演讲 中英对照

Each time we gather to inaugurate（开创;创始）a president, we bear witness to the enduring strength of our Constitution.We affirm（断言；肯定；证实）the promise of our democracy.We recall that what binds this nation together is not the colors of our skin or the tenets(信条；教义；教条)of our faith or the origins of our names.What makes us exceptional – what makes us American – is our allegiance（忠诚；拥护）to an idea, articulated（清晰阐述）in a declaration made more than two centuries ago:每一次我们集会庆祝总统就职都是在见证美国宪法的持久力量。我们都是在肯定美国民主的承诺。我们重申，将这个国家紧密联系在一起的不是我们的肤色，也不是 我们信仰的教条，更不是我们名字的来源。让我们与众不同，让我们成为美国人的是我们对于一种理念的恪守。200多年前，这一理念在一篇宣言中被清晰阐述：

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed（捐赠；使天生具有）by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”“我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的，人人生而平等。造物主赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，包括生存、自由和追求幸福的权利。”

Today we continue a never-ending journey, to bridge the meaning of those words with the realities of our time.For history tells us that while these truths may be self-evident, they have never been self-executing;that while freedom is a gift from God, it must be secured by His people here on Earth.The patriots(爱国者)of 1776 did not fight to replace the tyranny of a king with the privileges of a few or the rule of a mob.They gave to us a Republic, a government of, and by, and for the people, entrusting each generation to keep safe our founding creed.今天，我们继续着这一未竟的征程，架起这些理念与我们时代现实之间的桥梁。因为历史告诉我们，即便这些真理是不言而喻的，它们也从来不会自动生效。因为虽然自由是上帝赋予的礼物，但仍需要世间的子民去捍卫。1776年，美国的爱国先驱们不是只为了推翻国王的暴政而战，也不是为赢得少数人的特权，建立暴民的统治。先驱们留给我们一个共和国，一个民有、民治、民享的政府。他们委托每一代美国人捍卫我们的建国信条。

For more than two hundred years, we have.在过去的200多年里，我们做到了。Through blood drawn by lash and blood drawn by sword, we learned that no union founded on the principles of liberty and equality could survive half-slave and half-free.We made ourselves anew, and vowed to move forward together.从奴役的血腥枷锁和刀剑的血光厮杀中我们懂得了，建立在自由与平等原则之上的联邦不能永远维持半奴隶和半自由的状态。我们赢得了新生，誓言共同前进。Together, we determined that a modern economy requires railroads and highways to speed travel and commerce;schools and colleges to train our workers。我们共同努力，建立起现代的经济体系。架设铁路与高速公路，加速了旅行和商业交流。建立学校与大学，培训我们的工人。

Together, we discovered that a free market only thrives when there are rules to ensure competition and fair play.我们一起发现，自由市场的繁荣只能建立在保障竞争与公平竞争的原则之上。

Together, we resolved that a great nation must care for the vulnerable(易受攻击的), and protect its people from life’s worst hazards and misfortune.我们共同决定让这个伟大的国家远离危险，保护她的人民不受生命威胁和不幸的侵扰。Through it all, we have never relinquished（放弃；交出）our skepticism of central authority, nor have we succumbed（屈服；不抵抗）to the fiction that all society’s ills can be cured through government alone.Our celebration of initiative（主动权）and enterprise;our insistence on hard work and personal responsibility, these are constants in our character.一路走来，我们从未放弃对集权的质疑。我们同样不屈服于这一谎言：一切的社会弊端都能够只靠政府来解决。我们对积极向上与奋发进取的赞扬，我们对努力工作与个人责任的坚持，这些都是美国精神的基本要义。But we have always understood that when times change, so must we;that fidelity（逼真）to our founding principles requires new responses to new challenges;that preserving our individual freedoms ultimately requires collective action.For the American people can no more meet the demands of today’s world by acting alone than American soldiers could have met the forces of fascism（法西斯）or communism with muskets and militias.No single person can train all the math and science teachers we’ll need to equip our children for the future, or build the roads and networks and research labs that will bring new jobs and businesses to our shores.Now, more than ever, we must do these things together, as one nation, and one people.我们也理解，时代在变化，我们同样需要变革。对建国精神的忠诚，需要我们肩负起新的责任，迎接新的挑战。保护我们的个人自由，最终需要所有人的共同努力。因为美国人不能再独力迎接当今世界的挑战，正如美国士兵们不能再像先辈一样，用步枪和民兵同敌人(法西斯主义与共产主义)作战。一个人无法培训所有的数学 与科学老师，我们需要他们为了未来去教育孩子们。一个人无法建设道路、铺设网络、建立实验室来为国内带来新的工作岗位和商业机会。现在，与以往任何时候相比，我们都更需要团结合作。作为一个国家，一个民族团结起来。

This generation of Americans has been tested by crisis that steeled our resolve and proved our resilience（弹性；回弹；恢复力）.A decade of war is now ending.An economic recovery has begun.America’s possibilities are limitless, for we possess all the qualities that this world without boundaries demands: youth and drive;diversity and openness;an endless capacity for risk and a gift for reinvention(重塑).My fellow Americans, we are made for this moment, and we will seize it – so long as we seize it together.这一代美国人经历了危机的考验，经济危机坚定了我们的决心，证明了我们的恢复力。长达十年的战争正在结束，经济的复苏已经开始。美国的可能性是无限的，因为我们拥有当今没有边界的世界所需要的所有品质：年轻与活力、多样性与开放、无穷的冒险精神以及创造的天赋才能。我亲爱的同胞们，我们正是为此刻而生，我们更要在此刻团结一致，抓住当下的机会。

For we, the people, understand that our country cannot succeed when a shrinking few do very well and a growing many barely make it.We believe that America’s prosperity must rest upon the broad shoulders of a rising middle class.We know that America thrives when every person can find independence and pride in their work;when the wages of honest labor liberate families from the brink（边缘）of hardship.We are true to our creed when a little girl born into the bleakest poverty knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American, she is free, and she is equal, not just in the eyes of God but also in our own.因为我们，美国人民，清楚如果只有不断萎缩的少数人群体获得成功，而大多数人不能成功，我们的国家就无法成功。我们相信，美国的繁荣必须建立在不断上升的中产阶级的宽阔臂膀之上，我们知道美国的繁荣只有这样才能实现。只有当每个人都能找到工作中的自立与自豪时才能实现。只有当诚实劳动获得的薪水足够让家庭 摆脱困苦的悬崖时才能实现。我们忠诚于我们的事业，保证让一个出生于最贫穷环境中的小女孩都能知道，她有同其他所有人一样的成功机会。因为她是一个美国人，她是自由的、平等的。她的自由平等不仅由上帝来见证，更由我们亲手保护。

篇6：米歇尔奥巴马北大演讲稿中英对照

http://m.meten.com/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0

美联英语提供：奥巴马就职演讲稿（中英文对照）3 We, the people, still believe that our obligations as Americans are not just to ourselves, but to all posterity.We will respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so would betray our children and future generations.Some may still deny the overwhelming judgment of science, but none can avoid the devastating impact of raging fires, and crippling drought, and more powerful storms.The path towards sustainable energy sources will be long and sometimes difficult.But America cannot resist this transition;we must lead it.We cannot cede to other nations the technology that will power new jobs and new industries – we must claim its promise.That is how we will maintain our economic vitality and our national treasure – our forests and waterways;our croplands and snowcapped peaks.That is how we will preserve our planet, commanded to our care by God.That’s what will lend meaning to the creed our fathers once declared.我们，人民，仍然相信，我们作为美国人的义务不只是对我们自己而言，还包括对子孙后代。我们将应对气候变化的威胁，认识到不采取措施应对气候变化就是对我 们的孩子和后代的背叛。一些人可能仍在否定科学界的压倒性判断，但没有人能够避免熊熊火灾、严重旱灾、更强力风暴带来的灾难性打击。通向可再生能源利用的 道路是漫长的，有时是困难的。但美国不能抵制这种趋势，我们必须引领这种趋势。我们不能把制造新就业机会和新行业的技术让给其他国家，我们必须明确这一承 诺。这是我们保持经济活力和国家财富（我们的森

林和航道，我们的农田与雪峰）的方法。这将是我们保护我们星球的办法，上帝把这个星球托付给我们。这将给我们的建国之父们曾宣布的信条赋予意义。

We, the people, still believe that enduring security and lasting peace do not require perpetual war.Our brave men and women in uniform, tempered by the flames of battle, are unmatched in skill and courage.Our citizens, seared by the memory of those we have lost, know too well the price that is paid for liberty.The knowledge of their sacrifice will keep us forever vigilant against those who would do us harm.But we are also heirs to those who won the peace and not just the war, who turned sworn enemies into the surest of friends, and we must carry those lessons into this time as well.我们，人民，仍然相信持久的安全与和平，不需要持续的战争。我们勇敢的士兵经受了战火的考验，他们的技能和勇气是无可匹敌的。我们的公民依然铭记着那些阵亡者，他们非常清楚我们为自由付出的代价。明白他们的牺牲将让我们永远对那些试图伤害我们的势力保持警惕。但我们也是那些赢得和平而不只是战争的人们的后 代，他们将仇敌转变成最可靠的朋友，我们也必须把这些经验带到这个时代。

We will defend our people and uphold our values through strength of arms and rule of law.We will show the courage to try and resolve our differences with other nations peacefully – not because we are naïve about the dangers we face, but because engagement can more durably lift suspicion and fear.America will remain the anchor of strong alliances in every corner of the globe;and we will renew those institutions that extend our capacity to manage crisis abroad, for no one has a greater stake in a peaceful world than its most powerful nation.We will support

democracy from Asia to Africa;from the Americas to the Middle East, because our interests and our conscience compel us to act on behalf of those who long for freedom.And we must be a source of hope to the poor, the sick, the marginalized, the victims of prejudice – not out of mere charity, but because peace in our time requires the constant advance of those principles that our common creed describes: tolerance and opportunity;human dignity and justice.我们将通过强大的军力和法制保护我们的人民，捍卫我们的价值观。我们将展现试图和平解决与其它国家分歧的勇气，但这不是因为我们对面临的危险持幼稚的态 度，而是因为接触能够更持久地化解疑虑和恐惧。美国将在全球保持强大的联盟，我们将更新这些能扩展我们应对海外危机能力的机制。因为作为世界上最强大的国家，我们在世界和平方面拥有最大的利益。我们将支持从亚洲到非洲、从美洲至中东的民主国家，因为我们的利益和良心驱使我们代表那些想获得自由的人们采取行 动。我们必须成为贫困者、病患者、被边缘化的人士、异见受害者的希望来源，不仅仅是出于慈善，也是因为这个时代的和平需要不断推进我们共同信念中的原则： 宽容和机遇，人类尊严与正义。

We, the people, declare today that the most evident of truths – that all of us are created equal – is the star that guides us still;just as it guided our forebears through Seneca Falls, and Selma, and Stonewall;just as it guided all those men and women, sung and unsung, who left footprints along this great Mall, to hear a preacher say that we cannot walk alone;to hear a King proclaim that our individual freedom is inextricably bound to the freedom of every soul on Earth.我们，人民，今天昭示的最明白的事实是——我们所有人都是生而平等的，这是依然引领我们的恒星。它引领我们的先辈穿越纽约塞尼卡瀑布城（女权抗议事件）、塞尔马（黑人