英语中表示绝不的几个短语归纳

关键词： 动词 表示 课本 学生会

英语中表示绝不的几个短语归纳（共3篇）

篇1：英语中表示绝不的几个短语归纳

英语中表示绝不的词组 by no means” “in no way”

“for no reason” “in no case”

“at no time

not on any account on no account

in no circumstances in no sense

in no condition

篇2：英语中表示绝不的几个短语归纳

1.____twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chain our dog. (2009高考英语北京卷34)

A.Being bitten%B.Bitten%C.Having bitten%D.To be bitten

【答案】B

【解析】考查分词辨析。语意为:因为被狗咬两次以后, 邮递员再也不想给我们送信除非我们拴了狗。考查分词作原因状语, 因为被狗咬, 故填bitten。此句可以变为:Because thepostman was bitten twice by our dog, he refused to deliver our letters unless we chain it.

2.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair____he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010高考英语辽宁卷, 29)

A.although%B.unless%C.because%D.if

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词辨析。语意为:那个老人让Lucy去坐另一张椅子, 因为他想挨着他妻子坐。后面的从句表示原因, 故填

because。此句可以变为:The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because?he wanted to sit next to his wife.

3.____by the growing interest in nature, more and more people enjoy outdoor sports. (2010高考英语上海春季卷, 34)

A.Influenced%B.Influencing%

C.Having influenced%D.To be influenced

【答案】A

【解析】非谓语动词。非谓语动词的解题关键是找准其逻辑主语。在本题中, influence的逻辑主语是“more and more people”, 它们之间是动宾关系, 所以用过去分词形式。D项表示将来, 不符合语意。所以这里选A项。此句可以变为:Because

they are influenced by the growing interest in nature, more and more people enjoy outdoor sports.

从以上的高考试题可以看出, 英语中表示原因的方式很多, 有分词或分词短语、连词、介词和介词短语、动词不定式等, 下面谈谈英语中表示原因的几种常见构成方式。

一、从属连词because/as/since/和并列连词for

如:

(1) I did it because they asked me to do it.我做了这件事是因为他们请我做的。

(2) As it was raining, you’d better take a taxi.天在下雨, 你最好乘出租车去。

(3) Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.我们没有钱, 所以我们没法买。

(4) I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.我请她留下来喝茶, 因为我有点事要告诉她。

解析:1.这四词语气逐级递减。2.because表示直接的原因或理由, 重点在从句, 常译为“因为”;since表示对方已知, 无需说明的既成事实, 中心句在主句, 常译为“既然”;as表示明显的原因, 重点在主句, 常译为“由于”;for是个并列连词, 只能放在另一个并列句后面, 表示一种推理或解释, 或用作附加说明, 并不指理由或原因, 一般不放在句首, 常译为“因为”, “其理由是” (for表示因果关系时可以同because交替使用, 但for前须用逗号, 而because则不必。

二、介词和介词短语

1.介词with/for/at/of/from/over这类介词所表达的原因是暗含的, 汉译时不一定译出。如:

(1) She was shivering with cold.她冷得发抖。

(2) He was very angry at losing it.他把它丢了, 很生气。

(3) We jumped for joy.我们高兴得跳了起来。

(4) She couldn’t speak for laughing.她笑得说不成话。

(5) He came of his own accord.他是自愿来的。

(6) Many old people died from the smog.许多老人死于烟雾污染。

(7) It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

2.介词短语:英语中有大量的介词短语表示原因, 以下是一些常见的例子:

(1) on account of something/on this/that account

We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.因为天气恶劣, 我们推迟了行程。

(2) because of They are her because of us.他们到这儿来是因为有我们。

(3) by reason of

He was excused by reason of his age.他因为年龄关系而被原谅。

(4) as a result of

The flight was delayed as a result of fog.航班因雾而晚点。

(5) for fear of

They are afraid to speak for fear of making errors.他们不敢讲话是因为害怕出错。

三、分词 (形容词, 副词) +as从句或分词结构直接作原因状语

如:

(1) Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.因为他累了, 我们决定不去打扰他。

(2) Hard as he studied, he passed the test with ease.由于学习刻苦, 他很容易地通过了测试。

(3) Being ill, she didn’t go to school.由于有病, 她没去上学。

(4) Having worked among the peasants for many years, he know them well.由于在农民中工作多年, 他对他们很了解。

(5) Led by the party, we are marching from victory to victory在党的领导下, 我们正从一个胜利走向另一个胜利。

注意:不要把第1, 2两个例子的句式与让步状语从句相混淆。如果把这两个句子中的形容词或副词移到分词之后, 就很容易看出它们表示原因, 而让步状语从句中的形容词或副词移至分词末尾时则句意不合逻辑。

四、动词不定式 (一般放在谓语动词之后)

如:

(1) The old workers shudder to think of his miserable life in pre-liberation days.老工人们一想到新中国成立前的悲惨生活就不寒而栗。

(2) I am sorry to hear that.听到这个我很伤心。

五、非限定性定语从句

如:

(1) They both went softly into the bedroom, where the baby was sleeping in a cradle.他们两个轻手轻脚地走进卧室, 因为孩子正在那儿的摇篮中熟睡。

(2) The old couple was proud of their grandson, who won 3medals at the 26thOlympic Games.老两口为孙子感到骄傲, 因为他在第28届奥运会上获得三枚奖牌。

篇3：英语中表示绝不的几个短语归纳

【关键词】非谓语动词被动区别

非谓语动词在整个英语教学中是一个重点,也是难点,尤其是表示被动的几个结构,对某些中学英语教师来说,是一种很大的困惑。近期我在网上浏览,所见到的到处是诸如“having been done, being done, done有什么区别”等的求助信息。笔者在多年的英语教学中,根据自己的教学经验和积累感悟,总结出在英语中常见的几种表示被动的非谓语结构,以及它们之间的区别和用法,下面就一一进行分析。

一、常见的几种表示被动含义的非谓语动词形式

1. doing(ing分词的一般形式)

2. being done(ing分词的一般形式的被动式)

3. having been done(ing分词的完成形式的被动式)

4. to do(动词不定式的一般形式)

5. to be done(动词不定式的一般形式的被动式)

6. to have been done(动词不定式的完成形式的被动式)

7. done(动词的过去分词形式)

二、用法

1. doing表示被动意义的用法并不是很多见,这在英语中叫作主动形式表被动,主要用于以下几种情况中:

(1)三个“需要”:need, want, require。当它们后接动词表示被动含义时,要求使用ing形式。如:

①My clock runs faster so it needs repairing.(相当于to be repaired)

②The house is too old and it requires mending.(相当于to be mended)

(2)“值得”:be worth doing,该词组中的doing部分表示被动含义。如: Luxun’s works is worth reading. 在这里的“is worth reading”相当于“is worthy to be read或is worthy of being read”。

2. being done表示与逻辑主语形成被动关系,并且与谓语动词动作同时发生或基本同时发生。如:

(1)Being taken on the way to hospital, the child cried to see his mother. (作状语)

(2)Mr Smith likes being asked by his students. (作宾语)

(3)Just then all the villagers heard their county being attacked by the enemy. (作宾补)

3. having been done表示与逻辑主语形成被动关系,在谓语动词动作发生时,该动作已经发生或完成,它作状语时,常跟介词for的时间状语,作宾语时,常跟在一些必须要求跟动名词的动词后或者介词后。如:

(1)Having been kept in the cage for half a day, the bird became hungry. (作状语)

(2)Lucy is so happy for having been sent to the west as a teacher last month. (作宾语)

4. to do跟在某些表性质的形容词后面,形式上是主动,但表示被动意义。如:

(1)The question is easy to answer. 这问题容易回答。

(2)That book is difficult to understand. 那本书难懂。

5. to be done表示与逻辑主语形成被动关系,其动作发生在谓语动词动作之后。如:

(1)To be elected president next year, Jackson is doing what he can to appeal to people. (状语)

(2)Children, please get ready!There are 200 more trees to be planted this afternoon. (定语)

(3)Mr. Smith got into the police car, with a thief to be taken into the police office. (宾补)

6. to have been done表示与逻辑主语形成被动关系,在谓语动词动作发生时,该动作已经发生或完成,在句子中常作宾语,且跟在一些必须要求跟动词不定式的动词之后。如:

(1)Many reporters are said to have been sent the disaster area to interview already. (宾语)

(2)Most of the work is reported to have been completed by this morning. (宾语)

7. done表示与逻辑主语形成被动关系,在谓语动词动作发生时,该动作已经发生或完成,它在英语中运用比较广泛,在句子中可作定语、表语、宾补和状语。如:

(1)His father had a disease caused by smoking. (定语)

(2)A river in my hometown is polluted. (表语)

(3)The teacher spoke loudly to make himself heard by everyone. (宾补)

(4)Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks so beautiful. (状语)

三、done, having been done, to have been done之间的联系与区别

这三种非谓语形式与逻辑主语之间都存在着被动的关系,而且都表示在谓语动词动作发生之前已经发生或完成的动作。但它们又各不相同。从形式上看,done是动词的过去分词形式,having been done是ing分词的一种变化形式,而to have been done则是动词不定式的一种变化形式。从用法上看,having been done在句子中主要充当宾语或状语,作宾语时,它除了有被动和完成的概念以外,更重要的一点是在它前面必须有一个动词或介词,要求它用ing形式,而done在句子中不作宾语。作状语时,常跟有介词for的时间状语,而done不要求有这个条件。to have been done在句子中主要作宾语,而且在它前面必须有一个动词要求它用不定式的形式。done也不要求有这个条件。