英语被动语态知识归纳

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英语被动语态知识归纳（通用8篇）

篇1：英语被动语态知识归纳

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态

（内部使用）张老师 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.“Do you like the material？” “Yes, it _____ very soft.”

A.is feelingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt

（1）Her forehead _____ hot.I’m afraid she is ill.A.is feelingB.feltC.is feltD.feels

（2）The new school has been completed.It _____ very beautiful.A.is lookedB.lookedC.has lookedD.looks

（3）The dish _____ nice, but the milk _____ sour.A.is smelt, is smeltB.is smelt, smellsC.smells, is smeltD.smells, smells

（4）The story of his life _____ interesting.A.is soundedB.is soundingC.has soundedD.sounds

2.He was angry _____ your work.He said that he _____ at all.A.at, didn’t satisfyB.to, didn’t satisfyC.at, wasn’t satisfiedD.to, wasn’t satisfied

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.A.gaveB.was givenC.had givenD.had been given

2.A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.A.saysB.is sayingC.has saidD.is saidIf you go there alone after dark you might get _____.A.attacked and robbedB.attacking and robbing

B.to attack and robD.to be attacked and robbed

4.What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.A.was holdingB.had heldC.was to holdD.was to be held

5.New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A.developB.are being developedC.are developingD.have developed

6.I’ll come after the meeting if time ______.A.permitsB.is permittingC.is permittedD.has permitted

7.The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.A.giveB.are givenC.have givenD.to give

8.With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.A.has introducedB.is being introducedC.is introducedD.was introduced

9.“How about the dishes, Dear？” “The beef didn’t taste very good.It ______ too long.”

A.cookedB.had been cookedC.was cookedD.had cooked

10.He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.A.wroteB.was writingC.was writtenD.were written

11.“Look！Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for？”

A.is being buildingB.has been builtC.is builtD.is being built

12.Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.A.loseB.will be lostC.are lostD.will lose

13.A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.A.saysB.is sayingC.has saidD.is said

14.New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A.developB.are being developedC.are developingD.have developed

动词用法与辨析

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertiseB.advertise forC.advertise onD.advertise to

2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serveB.serve forC.serve toD.serve on

（1）I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.A.rangB.rang toC.rang withD.rang to

（2）Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marryB.marry to

C.marry withD.marry for

（3）How can I _____ you, Mr.Green？

A.contactB.contact withC.contact toD.contact for

3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read B.watchC.notice D.look at

4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go？”

A.letB.agreeC.allowD.promise

5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreedB.refusedC.agreedD.hoped

6.They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.A.speakB.sayC.talkD.mention

7.“Do your parents agree to your doing that？” “Yes, of course.In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.”

A.hopeB.suggestC.supportD.encourage

8.Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.A.acceptB.accept aC.receiveD.receive a

9.Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.A.careB.preventC.defendD.protect

10.Mr.Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.A.paidB.tookC.costD.spent

11.There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy.A.to be chosenB.to choose fromC.to chooseD.for choosing

请做以下试题

（1）“We have sent out two best players to the sports meet.What about you？” “Well, not yet.We have few ______, I’d say.”

A.chosenB.to chooseC.to be chosenD.to choose from

（2）“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.”

A.to pick upB.to pickC.to chooseD.to choose from

12.I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.A.persuadedB.tried to persuadeC.have persuadedD.was persuaded

13.When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.A.lay;laidB.laid;laidC.lay;lainD.lying;lain

（1）The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.A.lay, lyingB.laid, layingC.lay, layingD.lied, lying

（2）The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.A.lying, lay, laidB.lying, lied, laidC.lie, lied, layD.lay, lied, lain

14.He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.A.took, welcomeB.took, welcomedC.paid, welcomeD.paid, welcomed

15.The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.A.goodB.wellC.to be goodD.to be well

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.A.spareB.be sparedC.shareD.be shared

2.He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he’s _____ read.A.to be, everB.to be, neverC.as, everD.as, never

3.“Did you get a job？” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”

A.expectedB.tried toC.managed toD.planned

4.“Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years？” “Yes, I see.”

A.has becomeB.has turnedC.has changedD.has been

5.The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.A.mattersB.caresC.considersD.minds

6.I don’t want the green coat.It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.A.suitB.fitC.suitsD.fits

7.“Will another fifty be enough？” “Just twenty will ______.”

A.workB.doC.suitD.fit

8.Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.A.sendB.leadC.driveD.show

9.This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.A.gotB.gainedC.seenD.caught

10.We haven’t enough books for everyone;some of you will have to _____.A.helpB.enjoyC.shareD.spare

11.He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.A.answeredB.receivedC.acceptedD.agreed

12.My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.A.doneB.seenC.finishedD.realized

13.The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____？

A.workB.passC.agreeD.does

14.What’s the matter with the radio？ Why isn’t it _____？

A.broadcastingB.workingC.doingD.sounding

15.High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.A.spendsB.takesC.usesD.costs

16.It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.A.sinkB.swimC.jumpD.struggle

17.She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.A.passedB.recognizedC.missedD.lost

18.I missed what was happening because I wasn’t ______ very closely.A.noticingB.runningC.watchingD.glancing

19.If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.A.saveB.shareC.serveD.help

20.Don’t _______ your breath trying to persuade them;they’ll never listen.A.useB.wasteC.spendD.put

21.He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.A.expectsB.hopesC.wishesD.requires

22.He will never ______ anything if he doesn’t work hard.A.hopeB.wishC.achieveD.succeed

篇2：英语被动语态知识归纳

1.现在一般时，由am/ are / is+done构成。

The book is written by Wang Meng.

这本书是(被)王蒙写的。

He is respected by the teachers and his students.

他受到师生们的好评。

The phone is repaired by me.

这部手机是(被)我修理的。

2.过去一般时,由was /were+done构成。

Two chairs were moved away.

两把椅子被移开了。

He was dismissed by my boss.

他被我的老板解雇了。

I was asked to go to Harbin on business yesterday.

我昨天被派往哈尔滨出差了。

This novel was published in .

这本小说是在出版的。

3.将来一般时,由shall /will be+done构成。

The money will be returned by my son.

我钱将由我儿子还。

The letter will be sent by my friend to you.

这封信将由我的朋友带给你。

Iam sure that we shall be invited to theparty.

我们肯定会被邀请参加舞会的。

4.将来一般时,由should/ would be+done构成。

She said that all the apples would be finished up bythe kids that afternoon.

她说所有的苹果会在当天被孩子们吃掉。

He told me that he would be asked to attend the opening ceremony.

他告诉我说他将被邀请参加开幕式。

5.现在进行时,由am /are / is+being+done构成。

Tom is being praised in the class.

汤姆正在班上受表扬呢。

The new teaching building is being built.

新的教学大楼正在修建。

6.过去进行时,由was/were+being+done构成。

They were being criticized for being late.

他们当时因为迟到正在受批评。

He realized that he was being made fun of.

他意识到有人在取笑他。

7.现在完成时,由have /has+been+done构成。

John has been given the first prize.

约翰已被授予一等奖。

He has been praised since he came here.

自从他来这儿以来，一直受到表扬。

This computer has been repaired.

这台电脑已经修好了。

8.过去完成时，由had+been+done构成

He said that the newspaper had been sold out.

他说那张报纸已经被卖掉了。

By the time I came back, the work had been finished.

到我回来时，此工作已经完成。

9.将来完成时，由shall/ will+have+been+done构成。

The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.

到这个月末，这个新工厂将已竣工。

10.过去将来完成时，由should / would+have+been+done构成。

It was reported that this building would have been completed by the end of this month.

篇3：英语中的被动语态

一、动词被动语态的基本结构是:be+P.P

(P.P为past participle的缩写形式, 即动词的过去分词)

1.一般现在时的被动语态:am, is, are+P.P (过去分词)

e.g.I am given a lot of work to do.

The garden is watered every morning.

2.一般过去时的被动语态:was, were+P.P

e.g.The window was broken last night.

They were given a warm send-off at the airport.

3.一般将来时的被动语态:shall, will+be+P.P

e.g.The project will be completed next month.

Shall I be allowed to go with you?

4.一般过去将来时的被动语态would+be+P.P

e.g.We were sure that he would be punished.

I didn’t expect that I would be asked to speak.

5.现在进行时的被动语态:am, is, are+being+P.P

e.g.The road is being repaired.

The books are being read by children.

6.过去进行时的被动语态:was, were+being+P.P

e.g.The baby was being looked after by his sister.

These ancient buildings were being renovated.

7.现在完成时的被动语态:has, have+been+P.P

e.g.She hasn’t been told about it yet.

They have been warned not to swim there.

8.过去完成时的被动语态:had+been+P.P

e.g.The factory had been closed down.

She had been sent to hospital.

9.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 (can, may, must, could, might, should) +be+P.P

e.g.English can be spoken in the world.

The road may be further widened.

二、如何将主动语态的句子变为被动语态的句子。

1.划出主动语态句子中的主语、谓语、宾语;

2.让主动语态句子中的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;

3.谓语动词变为被动结构;

4.主动语态句子中的主语作了介词by的宾语, 构成介词短语, 作状语, 置于句后, 有时可以省略。

e.g.We plant the trees every year.

e.g.A young lady runs the supermarket.

→The supermarket is run by a young lady.

三、主要在什么情况下使用被动语态

掌握被动结构的形式很重要, 但使用却要慎重。

1.不知道动作的执行者是谁, 这时只好用被动结构

Three people were injured.有三人受伤。

The building was burned down.这座建筑完全焚毁了。

2.不必提到动作的执行者, 也可用被动结构

The book was published in 2000.这本书是2000年出版的。

The plant was shut down for twomonths.工厂关闭了两个月。

3.动作的承受者 (或结果) 是谈话的中心

Are these goods made by machin-ery?这些货物是机器生产的吗?

Her children were looked after byneighbors when she was ill.她生病时孩子们由邻居照管。

这类句子常有一个by引导的短语说明动作的执行者, 有时也可没有。

When he arrived home he was ar-rested (by a detective) .他到家时被捕了。

A new public library is being built (byour local council) .一座新的公共图书馆正在修建。

4.动作的执行者很模糊 (如指people, one等) , 故用被动结构也很自然

It’s suggested that we put themeeting off.有人建议延期举行。

This sort of advertisement is seeneverywhere.这种广告到处可见。

5.为了措辞上的圆通, 常避免说出动作的执行者

It is generally considered rude tostare at people.盯着看人通常认为是粗鲁无理的。

It’s hoped that such things wouldnot happen again.希望这样的事不再发生。

6.为了使句子得到更好的安排

He appeared on the stage and waswarmly applauded by the audience.

他在台上出现, 观众热烈鼓掌 (这样用一个主语即可) 。

The plan was supported by thosewho wish to live on the campus.

这个计划受到在校园住的人的支持 (若为主动结构句子就较难安排) 。

四、一些常使用被动结构的情况

1.公告、通知

e.g.Lying on the floor is strictlyprohibited.严禁躺在地板上。

Applications must be sent in by31st July.必须于7月31日前提出申请。

2.新闻报导

e.g.The search for the bank rob-bers continues.Meanwhile many people have been questioned and the owner of the stolen getaway car hasbeen traced.

搜索银行劫匪的行动在继续着。与此同时, 许多人受到盘问, 并一直在查找劫匪逃逸时所偷汽车的车主。

3.报纸标题 (动词be常被省略)

e.g.Congressman Assassinated!国会议员遭到暗杀!

Two Drug Traffickers Hanged in Singapore!两名毒贩在新加坡被绞死!

4.科技文章

e.g.The mixture is placed in a cru-cible and is heated to a temperature of300℃.It is then allowed to cool before it can be analyzed。

篇4：中学英语被动语态归纳

关键词： 被动语态 主语     宾语

语态是英语动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语动词间的逻辑关系。英语语态有两种形式：主动语态和被动语态。人们根据表达的意图而采用不同的语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态。反之，如果主语是动作的承受者，或者要强调动作的执行者，则用被动语态来表达。不管使用哪种语态，主语永远是语言表达者要解释和陈述的中心。下面对被动语态的定义、结构、具体使用、以及常见的形式进行介绍。

一、被动语态的定义

被动语态作为英语动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的动作承受者。被动语态常用于一些科技文章、新闻报道、景物描写以及书刊介绍。在英语中被动语态使用率非常高。通常，当需要强调动作承受者、不必说出动作执行者或搞不清执行者是谁时，多用被动语态形式表达。

二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

当把主动语态变被动语态时，要注意两种变化。（1）主语和宾语互换：主动语态句子中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，而主动语态句中的主语则变成了被动语态句中相应的介词的宾语。（2）谓语动词的形式由主动形式变换成被动形式。

三、被动语态的具体使用

1.当说话者不知道谁是动作的执行者或执行者没有必要出现的时候，使用被动语态。

例如，The glass was broken yesterday.

They were wounded in the war.

2.当有意识地强调动作的承受者时，使用被动语态。

例如，Telephones shouldnt be used during a meeting.

No books in the reading room can be taken away.

3.为了使语气婉转，不愿提及动作的执行者，或为了句子的平衡，使用被动语态。

例如，Ways must be found to settle the problem.

Smoking is not allowed here.

四、中学英语中常见的被动语态表达形式

1.当一个句子中同时含有直接宾语和间接宾语时，要把主动语态结构变为被动语态，可将其中任意一个宾语变为被动语态的主语，而另一个不动。但通常是将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。

例如，They showed me their photos

I was shown their photos（by them）.

Their photos were shown to me（by them）.

2.含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态需要做到以下两点。

（1）将原来句子中的宾语变为主语，宾补保持不变。

例如，She keep the boy waiting.

The boy was kept waiting by her.

（2）当主动语态句式中谓语动词是使役动词或感官动词时，如have、make、let、hear、see、watch、feel、notice，后边充当作宾补的不定式一般不加“to”。但是当这些句子要变为被动语态时，必须带有不定式的小品词“to”。

例如，Marys  mother often made her do some housework when she was still a little girl.

Mary was often made to do some housework（ by her mother） when she was still a little girl.

3.主动句式中若含有情态动词时，要改为被动语态。被动结构应由情态动词+be+动词的过去分词构成。

例如，They would  not find the truth.

The truth would not be found.

4.动词短语的被动语态结构。除了及物动词有被动语态形式之外，许多不及物动词+介词或副词后构成了动词短语，而这些短语在使用中相当于一个及物动词，这时这些短语可以有自己宾语。因而这些动词短语也可以转化为被动语态形式。但要注意的是，动词短语中的介词（或副词）是动词短语不可分割的一个部分，变成被动语态时，构成短语的介词或副词不可丢掉。这样的短语有：look at、look for、look after、look forward to、break into、laugh at、listen to、pay attention to、take care of、make fun of、send for、make use of、set up等。

例如，We should take good care of the matter.

The matter should be taken good care of.

5.许多动词用主动形式表示被动含义。

例如，The  red skirts sell well.

The salad tastes wonderful.

6.有些动词和短语后面使用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义，如want、require、need、be worth等。

例如，The jacket needs washing.

The move is worth seeing a second time.

7.当宾语从句是主动语态中的宾语时，句子变被动语态，要用代词“it”作形式主语，置于句首，原宾语从句位置不动，以保持句子的平衡。

例如，We all know that America is a developed country.

It's known to all that America is a developed country.

篇5：英语被动语态的用法

English is taught in most schools. 大多数学校都教英语。

The children are not allowed (permitted) to play on the grass. 孩子们不允许在草地上玩耍。

篇6：英语语法被动语态讲解

由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。

注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如：

My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。)

The door is open.(门开了。)

2.主动语态改被动语态的方法

1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。

2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如：

He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)

Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)

3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：

They watched the children sing that morning.→ The children were watched to sing that morning.

4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：

We call him Xiao Wang.→ He is called Xiao Wang.

He cut his hair short.→ His hair was cut short.

They told him to help me.→ He was told to help me.

5)短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：

We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of.

6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：

People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.(或：He is believed to be ill.)

3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法：

被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语(或按题意要求确定主语)，按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：

History is made by the people.→ The people make history.

4.双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：

(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较：

He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。

对应： She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.

He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。

对应 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.

(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：

Father made me a doll.

对应： A doll was made for me.

He wrote her a letter.

对应： A letter was written to her.

(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：

He answered me that question. 对应：

篇7：英语动词时态的被动语态

被动语态的构成

be

过去分词

1

一般现在时的被动语态

am / is / are

过去分词

2

一般过去时的被动语态

was / were

过去分词

3

现在进行时的被动语态

am / is / are +being

过去分词

4

过去进行时的被动语态

was / were +being

过去分词

5

现在完成时的被动语态

have / has been

过去分词

6

过去完成时的被动语态

had been

过去分词

7

将来完成时的被动语态

will / shall have been

过去分词

8

一般将来时的被动语态

will / shall be

过去分词

9

过去将来时的被动语态

would / should be

过去分词

为了便于理解，请看以下几个例子：

We are given a lot of homework to do.

我们有很多作业要做。

They were given a warm send-off.

他们受到热烈的欢送。

I think we are being followed.

我想有人在跟踪我们。

They told me that the case was being investigated.

他们告诉我案子正在调查。

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.

他们找寻的文件已找到了。

He asked if Mary had been sent to hospital.

他问玛丽是否已被送进医院。

Check carefully, so any mistakes will be caught.

仔细检查一遍，把所有错误都找出来。

He knew he would be punished for it.

篇8：英语里的被动语态

英语中的时态其实是两个概念:谓语动词的时和态。英语中的“时”比较多,而“态”就不多了。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。语态是表示主语和谓语的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,或者说动作是由主语完成的;被动语态则表示主语是谓语动词的接受者,即主语是动作的承受者;或者动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。

其实所谓被动语态就相当于中文里的“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等次来表示被动的被字句,而英语里的被动语态是由“be动词+ 及物动词的过去分词形式(V.pp)”构成,其中“be”动词有时、人称和数的变化,“be”动词的变化形式与主动语态中的“be”动词的变化形式完全以一样,在人称和数方面与主语保持一致。其在英语常见的八种时态和含有情态动词是的具体变化形式如下:

1. 一般现在时:主语+am/is/are + V.pp

2. 一般过去时:主语+was/were + V.pp

3. 一般将来时:主语+will be +V.pp

4. 现在进行时:主语+am/is/are +being( 固定不变) +V.pp

5. 过去进行时:主语+was/were +being( 固定不变) +V.pp

6. 现在完成时:主语+have/has been +V.pp

7. 过去完成时:主语+had been +V.pp

8. 过去将来时:would be + V.pp

9. 含有情态动词:情态动词+be V.pp

二、被动语态的实际运用

通过以上的讲解,同学们现在对于英语中的被动语态应该有了一定的了解,那么,现在让我们来看一看在具体不同的时态情况下怎样使用被动语态。

1. 一般现在时:主语+am/is/are + V.pp如:

Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。

The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。

2. 一般过去时:主语+was/were +V.pp如:

His lessons were not forgotten easily.他的课不容易被忘掉。

The bike wasfixed yesterday.自行车昨天被修理了。

3. 一般将来时:主语+will be +V.pp如:

Plenty of food will be given to the homeless people.

无家可归的人将会被提供充足的食物。

A new bridge will be built over the river next year.

明年河上要建一座新桥。

4. 现在进行时:主语+am/is/are +being( 固定不变) +V.pp如:

The classrooms are being cleaned by the volunteers. 教室正在被志愿者们打扫。

A new bridge is being built. 一座新桥正在建造。

5.过去进行时:主语+was/were+being(固定不变)+V.pp如:

The trees were being planted in the campus at this time of last year.

去年的这个时候校园里正在植树。

The street was being cleaned at that time.

那时候正在打扫街道。

6.现在完成时:主语+have/has been+V.pp如:

My money has been stolen.我的钱被偷了。

His bike has been repaired well.他的自行车已经修好了。

7.过去完成时:主语+had been+V.pp如:

When I got to the office,I found that all the projects had beenfinished.

当我到达办公室的时候,发现所有的工作已经完成了。

When I got there,the books written by Mo Yan had been sold out.

当我到达时,莫言的书已经卖光了。

8. 过去将来时:would be +V.pp如:

He said his homework would befinished on time.

他说他的作业会按时完成。

The workers told me that the building would be built as soon as possible.

工人们告诉我这栋建筑将尽可能快地建成。

9. 含有情态动词:情态动词+be V.pp如:

The room must be kept clean. 房间必须保持干净。

Teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to get pierced. 不能允许青少年打耳洞。

三、应该使用被动语态的情况

1. 当不知道动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,这时往往不用by短语。如:

Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。

This jacket is made of cotton.这件上衣是棉料的。

These cars are made in Korea. 这些汽车是韩国制造的。

Calculator can’t be used in the maths exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. 不能被拿走阅览室里的书和报纸。

2. 为了突出或强调动作的承受者;如果为了强调动作的执行者需要指出动作的执行者,用by短语。如:

Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

要求参观者不可触摸展品。

The glass was broken by Tom.

玻璃是被汤姆打破的。

There records were made by John.这些记录是约翰创造的。

3.出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者。如:

You are said to be active recently.

据说你最近很活跃。

It is said he is a great leader.据说他是一位优秀的领导者。

The new lab must be completed by the end of next month.

新实验室必须在下个月底之前完工。

4.当动作的执行者不是人时,也常常使用被动语态。如:

Many trees were blown down by the wind.

许多大树被风刮倒了。

His lesson isn’t forgotten easily.

他的课不容易被忘掉。

5. 在以下短语中:

不得而知……It’s not known that…

众所周知……It’s well known…

据建议……It’s suggested that…

据说……It’s said that…

据报道……It’s reported that…

尚未决定……It’s not decided that…

大家相信……It’s believed that…

大家希望……It’s hoped that…

四、下列情况下的谓语动词的主动形式含有被动的意义

1. 某些感官动词(feel, look, seem, taste, sound, 等)一般其的主动形式表示被动意义。如:

That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。

This material feels soft.这种材料摸起来很柔软。

The cake smells well.蛋糕闻起来很香。

2. 有少数动词(bind,cook,do,print等)当句子的主语是指物时,其进行时含有被动意义。如:

The meat is cooking. 肉正在烤。

The books are printing. 书正在印刷。

3. 用某些不及物动词表示被动意义。 如carry,cut,drive,iron,keep,lock,open,pick,read。sell,shut,tear,wash,wear,write等等。这类动词既能作及物动词,也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时,形式上虽为主动,却表示被动意义。如:

His novel sells well. 他的小说很畅销。

4. 动词get,come,go之后接过去分词,表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言中,更强调动作的结果而非动作本身,并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。如:

They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.

由于节日交通阻塞,他们被耽误了。

Students shouldn’t be allowed to get pierced. 不能允许学生打耳洞。

5.在need(want,require,deserve等)doing句型中,动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be+V.pp),两者在意思上没有多大区别。如:

The garden needs watering.

→The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。

6. 在某些形容词+ 动词不定式的句型中,其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如:

The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

7. 有些动词不定式无论用主动形式还是被动形式,动词不定式和主语的关系都是被动的。如:

There are a lot of books to read(to be read)。有许多书要读。

Is there something to drink?有喝的吗?

五、试题集锦

()1.Many accidents______by careless drivers last year.(北京)

A.are caused B.were caused C.have caused D.will cause

( )2. An official ______ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday. ( 上海)

A.is interviewing B.is interviewed

C.was interviewing D.was interviewed

()3.Today a lot of information can______online.(天津)

A.receive B.be received C.is received D.receiving

()4.I’m glad tofind that many trees______in our city last year.(重庆)

A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted

()5.Driving after drinking wine______in China.(陕西)

A.allows B.doesn’t allow C.is allowed D.isn’t allowed

()6.Don’t worry.Your package______here until you come back,so enjoy shopping here.(安徽)

A.will keep B.has kept C.will be kept D.has been kept

()7.It’s true that Shakespeare’s plays______by so many people every year.(山东)

A.see B.will see C.are seeing D.are seen

()8.People who drink wine______to drive after May Day.(广东)

A.don’t allow B.isn’t allowed C.mustn’t allow D.mustn’t be allowed

()9.—What happened to Billy?

—He______because of his drinkdriving.(江西)

A.is caught B.was caught C.has caught D.had caught

()10.The Spring Festival______in January of February.(河北)

A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated

()11.Soft drinks______to children for free in some restaurants on Children’s Day.(河南)

A.offer B.have offered C.are offered D.will be offered

()12.A friendly basketball match between teachers and students______tomorrow afternoon.Anybody is welcome.(浙江丽水)

A.was held B.will be held C.is held D.must be held

()13.The computer is broken.______it______today?(辽宁沈阳)

A.Will;repair B.Has;repaired

C.Will;be repaired D.Has;been repaired

()14.Many trees andflowers______in our city every year.(广西桂林)

A.planted B.are planted C.were planted D.plants

()15.When will the birthday party______,on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?(江苏徐州)

A.hold B.be held C.held D.be holding

()16.It will be two days before the decision______.(内蒙古包头)

A.has made B.will be made C.was made D.is made

()17.—Did you go to Jim’s birthday party?

—No,I______.(内蒙古呼和浩特)

A.haven’t invited B.didn’t invite C.am not invited D.wasn’t invited

()18.At last the boy was made______and began to laugh.(内蒙古呼和浩特)

A.stop crying B.to stop to cry C.to stop crying D.stop to cry

()19.—Do you know Lucy’s grandma?

—Of course.She is a kind woman,but she has______for about a month since she______in the accident.(四川达州)

A.been dead;was killed B.died;was killed

C.been dead;killed D.died;killed

()20.English______more and more widely today.So we must learn it well.(四川广元)

A.uses B.used C.is used

()21.—How many people will______to your birthday party?

—Twelve.(四川南充)

A.invite B.be invited C.be inviting

()22.Computers______widely in our daily life.(四川宜宾)

A.use B.used C.were used D.are used

()23.Half of the work______by now.(广西柳州)

A.hasfinished B.has beenfinished C.have beenfinished

()24.His car was______by the police because he drove too fast.(湖南益阳)

A.stopping B.stopped C.stop

()25.He likes reading very much.Most of his money______on books.(贵州毕节)

A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent

参考答案: